A Complete Understanding of Setting up a Ductless System

Ductless mini-split systems are a relative newcomer to the HVAC world, but they're already gaining traction among homeowners sick of struggling to pay rising energy bills. The reasons they're becoming so popular is simple: ductless systems are more energy efficient, more versatile, and easier to install. Handy homeowners can learn what it takes to set up a new ductless mini-split system to get a better idea of whether it's worth hiring a pro.

Choosing the Right System

Arguably the most crucial step in the ductless mini-split installation process is finding the right model for the home. Homeowners can learn about a ductless system and how it works online before investigating options. Undersizing the system will reduce its heating and cooling capacity, and oversizing it will cause short cycling, reducing the unit's service life, so don't guess. Take the time to do the calculations.

Tools and Materials

Many homeowners will already have the tools on hand to complete a ductless mini-split installation. Those tools include a drill or driver, an adjustable wrench, a hole saw, and a level. Most of the materials will come with the mini-split kit but check to make sure it comes with condenser wall brackets, a line set cover kit, and a plastic condenser pad before ordering.

How to Get It Done

1. Once homeowners have their tools, materials, and ductless mini-split kits in hand, they can begin the installation process. Follow these steps to be sure everything goes smoothly.
2. Find the studs and install the mounting bracket, ideally on an exterior wall not in direct sunlight.
3. Drill a pilot hole for the line set, beginning from inside the home and sloping slightly downward to the outside to ensure proper drainage.
4. Bore a full-sized hole with a hole saw, starting from the inside and completing it from outside the home.
5. Run the line set by feeding it through the hole with the help of an assistant and bend it gently as needed to get to the condenser. Install the drain line last, beneath the other lines.
6. Install the evaporator by hanging it on the mounting bracket.
7. Install the condenser on a plastic pad, ensuring adequate clearance from walls and landscaping features. Be sure to place it where it won't be damaged by falling snow.
8. Connect the refrigerant lines according to the manufacturer's instructions, inspecting the electrical connections and the lines themselves for kinks and defects.
9. Cover the exterior portion of the line set using metal or plastic to protect it from the elements.
10. Set the temperature, turn the unit on, and make sure that everything is working as intended.

What About Heat?

One of the many great things about mini-split systems is that they come with integrated air-source heat pumps. Homeowners don't have to install separate units for heat production, and today's mini-split heat pumps can keep up with demand even when the temperatures drop to well below freezing as long as they are sized correctly.

Is it Worth the Effort?

While installing a ductless mini-split system is a relatively easy home improvement project, it's still not the best idea for homeowners who don't have industry experience and HVAC licenses. The problem is that even if the installation goes perfectly, which it may not, failing to hire a licensed professional will void the warranty. It's almost always worth just hiring a professional HVAC contractor.